Shoutaiwan Regulate Lipopolysaccharide-induced Oxidative Stress and Pyroptosis in Human Extravillous Trophoblast Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the regulatory effect of Shoutaiwan on oxidative stress and pyroptosis in lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced human extravillous trophoblast （HTR-8/SVneo） cells and provide a new direction for deciphering the mechanism of action of Shoutaiwan. MethodLPS （100 μg∙L-1） was used to induce the injury of HTR-8/SVneo cells （modeling）. Five groups were designed in this study， including a blank group， a model group， a Shoutaiwan （10% Shoutaiwan-containing serum） group， an antioxidant （1 mmol·L-1 NAC） group， and NOD like receptor thermoprotein domain 3 （NLRP3） inhibitor （50 μmol·L-1 MCC950） group. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） kit. Hochest 33342/PI double fluorescence staining and flow cytometry were employed to observe cell death. The levels of interleukin-18 （IL-18）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in cell supernatant was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. DCFH-DA probe was used to measure the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， gastermin D （GSDMD）， and IL-1β in cells， and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） to measure the mRNA levels of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in cells. ResultCompared with the blank group， the modeling decreased the cell viability （P<0.01）， elevated the levels of IL-1β， IL-18， ROS， and MDA， and weakened the activity of SOD （P<0.01）. Furthermore， it up-regulated the protein levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， GSDMD， and IL-1β and the mRNA levels of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Shoutaiwan， NAC， and MCC950 increased the cell viability （P<0.01）. Further， Shoutaiwan and NAC lowered the levels of MDA and ROS and increased the activity of SOD （P<0.01）. Shoutaiwan and MCC950 reduced the IL-1β and IL-18 in cell supernatant （P<0.01）， and down-regulated the protein levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， GSDMD， and IL-1β and the mRNA levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and IL-1β （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionShoutaiwan can regulate oxidative stress and pyroptosis to attenuate the LPS-induced damage of HTR-8/SVneo cells， which may be the mechanism of Shoutaiwan in preventing recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Effect of Huluan Decoction on SIRT1/NF-κB/p53/p21 Pathway in Model Mice with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of Huluan decoction on the expression of apoptosis-related protein silence information regulator 1 （SIRT1）， tumor suppressor gene （p53）， acetylated p53 （Ac-p53）， cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor （p21）， and nuclear factor-<italic>κ</italic>B （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B） p65 and changes in ovarian tissue structure of a mouse model with premature ovarian insufficiency （POI） induced by tripterygium glycosides. Method:Fifty female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， low- and high-dose Huluan decoction groups， and western medicine （estradiol valerate） group. After intragastric administration of tripterygium glycosides at 80 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 14 successive days， mice in the low- and high-dose Huluan decoction groups and western medicine group were treated with Huluan decoction at 1.6 g·kg^-1·d^-1 and 6.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1 and estradiol valerate at 0.13 mg·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively， by gavage since the 15^th day， while those in the blank group were provided with an equal amount of distilled water for 21 consecutive days. Following the last administration， the blood was sampled for detecting the levels of serum anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and luteinizing hormone （LH） by ELISA and the ovary was harvested for observing the morphological changes by HE staining. The mRNA expression levels of p53 and p21 were measured by Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression levels of SIRT1， p53， p21， Ac-p53， NF-<italic>κ</italic>B were assayed by Western blot. Result:Compared with the blank group， the model group exhibited a disordered estrous cycle， diminished ovarian volume， decreased number of follicles at various developmental stages， reduced AMH， and elevated FSH and LH， and elevated p53，p21，Ac-p53，NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein expression and p53，p21 mRNA， reduced SIRT1 protein expression（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. As revealed by the comparison with the model group， each medication group displayed an increased number of follicles， elevated AMH， reduced FSH and LH （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， up-regulated SIRT1 protein expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of aging-related genes p53， p21， and down-regulated Ac-p53，NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Huluan decoction significantly reverses the aging process and improves ovarian function possibly by boosting the activity of SIRT1/NF-<italic>κ</italic>B/p53/p21 pathway in ovarian cells， changing the apoptotic state， increasing the growing and mature follicles， and reducing the atretic follicles.

Case-control studies on therapeutic effects of combined methods of minimally invasive percutaneous proximal humerus locked osteosynthesis plate with injectable bone for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effects of combined methods of minimally invasive percutaneous proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS) and injectable bone for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2006 to January 2012, 80 patients with proximal humerus fractures were randomly divided into two groups (n = 40). The patients in the research group were treated with minimally invasive PHILOS fixation combined with injectable bone, including 20 males and 20 females, with an average age of (68.4 +/- 11.9) years; according to AO classification, 2 cases of type A1, 3 cases of type A2, 6 cases of type B1, 7 cases of type B2, 9 cases of type B3, 6 cases of type C1, 7 cases of type C2. The patients in the control group were treated with PHILOS fixation, including 18 males and 22 females, with an average age of (65.4 +/- 10.7) years; according to AO classification, 3 cases of type A1, 4 cases of type A2, 5 cases of type B1, 8 cases of type B2, 10 cases of type B3, 5 cases of type C, and 5 cases of type C2. The BMD, satisfactory rate, postoperative complications,bone healing time, Constant-Murley score in the two groups were reviewed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the research group, no patients had necrosis of femoral head, 1 patient had shoulder varus, 1 patient had internal fixation loosening, 36 patients were satisfactory with the treatment results, BMD was (1.013 +/- 0.109) g/cm2, bone healing time averaged (12.00 +/- 3.79) weeks, and the Constant-Murley score was 97.2 +/- 4.6. In the control group, 3 patients had necrosis of femoral head, 5 patients had shoulder varus, 6 patients had internal fixation loosening, 32 patients were satisfactory with the treatment results, BMD was (0.812 +/- 0.089) g/cm2, bone healing time averaged (20.00 +/- 8.67) weeks,and the Constant-Murley score was 78.5 +/- 3.2. The results of BMD, satisfactory rate, postoperative complications, bone healing time, and Constant-Murley score in the research group were better than those of control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PHILOS combined with injectable bone for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients has advantages of minimal wound, stable fixation, and earlier rehabilitation.</p>

Analgesic effects of parecoxib sodium after orthopedic subarachnoid block anesthesia / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the analgesic effects of parecoxib sodium combined with patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) after orthopedic subarachnoid block anesthesia surgery.Methods Two hundred patients undergone orthopedic subarachnoid block anesthesia surgery were randomly and equally divided into two groups:Group P (treated intravenously with 40 mg parecoxib sodium combined with PCEA at the end of operation) and Group C ( treated intravenously with 0.5 g tramadol combined with PCEA at the end of operation).The visual analog scale (VAS) was performed at 6,12,24,48 and 72 hours postoperatively in two groups.Meanwhile,the press frequency of analgesic pump,effective frequency,side effects and satisfaction degree were recorded. Results The VAS sore of Group P was lower than that of Group C at 6,12,24,48 and 72 hours postoperatively ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Group P showed a less number in aspects of the press frequency of analgesic pump,effective frequency,and side effects at 12 and 24 hours,but a higher satisfactory degree,compared with Group C (P ＜0.05). Conclusion Combined use of parecoxib sodium and PCEA can exert a better analgesic effect and have a low incidence rate of side effects following orthopedic subarachnoid block anesthesia.

Chemical Constituents from Roots of Flemingia philippinensis / 中草药·英文版

ObjectiveTo study the chemical constituents from the roots of Flemingia philippinensis.MethodsThe chemical constituents were isolated and purified by combination of silica gel column,Sephadex LH-20,polyamide,and ODS column chromatography.The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by means of spectral data.ResultsTen compounds were isolated from F.philippinensis and identified as isoderrone (1),dalparvin A (2),prunetin (3),7,3'-dihydroxy-5,4',5'-trimethoxyisoflavone (4),pratensein-7-O-β-D-glucoside (5),sissotrin (6),sophororicoside (7),formononetin (8),orobol (9),and biochanin A (10).ConclusionCompounds 1-6 are obtained from this plant for the first time.